Monday, April 8, 2024

METROPOLITAN JOEL'S CANON TO ST. PAISIUS THE ATHONITE


Ode I.
Irmos.  After crossing the sea as if it were dry ground and escaping the wickedness of Egypt, the Israelite cried out:  Let us sing to our redeemer and God.

You were a wondrous field of Mt. Athos, producing sweet fruits, divine Father Paisius, and a new defence of ascetics.

O Father, you taught your sons to guard their thoughts against wicked mischief and constantly to have in mind noble thoughts of Christ.

With streams of tears you intercede with Christ, O Father, for all those in need, Paisius, and for all who entreat you in your cell.

In manner transcending nature, Paisius the new truly saw with his eyes your divine form, Mary, on Athos in the last times, ever-virgin Mother of God.


Ode III.

Irmos.  You covered the vault of the sky with a roof, O Lord, and built the church; confirm me in your love, O summit of desires, support of the faithful and only compassionate Lord.

The grace of Christ revealed you as a victor, Father Paisius, for you wholly humbled the possessed man—Little George—who had been trained in Tibet by the destroyer of man.

Inspired Father, the Lord of the whole world long ago showed his likeness to you on Mt. Athos for the sake of the benefit of men, and you were filled with great grace, O Paisius.

The mind of men is at a loss to know how in reality you received in your cell, O blessed one, the greatly hymned megalomartyr and wondrous Euphemia, holy Paisius, boast of the Fathers.

We who are all worn out by diseases of the body, Mother, know you to be a well of healings and the noblest physician; therefore, we ask you in faith for your divine help, Bride of God.


Ode IV. 

Irmos.  I have heard, O Lord, the mystery of your dispensation; I have meditated on your works and glorified your divinity.

The assemblies of those who approach you, Paisius, confessed that you were the patron of their salvation by your instructions, saintly monk.

You were the noble healer of the two sick boys, O saint, at the supplication of their physician father, O honorable Paisios.

In a wonderful fashion, O Paisios, you often shed the light of Christ during prayer and you chanted hymns and melodies from your heart.

O Bride of God, grant light to my darkened soul, for you bore the Lord of the universe and the inaccessible light of men.


Ode V

Irmos.  Enlighten us with your commandments, O Lord, and by your lofty arm grant us your peace, O merciful God.

Raise your hands constantly to the Lord on behalf of those who seek your miraculous power and on behalf of youths who have fallen into sins, O Paisius.

By your intercession with the Lord, wise Paisios, you dispel the atheism of many young people who come to your hut and break their fetters.

With assistance from above, most holy saint, you guide many young men to the course of Christ and you show them the noblest things of life.

By your birth-giving you have been recognized as a wall that cannot be broken and the unshaken foundation and protection of the faithful, all-pure Mother of God.


Ode VI

Irmos.  I will pour out my supplication to the Lord and to him will I declare my afflictions, for my soul has been filled with troubles and my life has approached Hades, so like Jonah I pray:  Raise me up from death, O God.

Your venerable hut, Paisios, truly rests in the monastery of Souroti as the source of its happiness, O godly minded one, and supplies to the faithful gifts, healings of diseases of soul and treatment of the wounds of the flesh.

We often had the splendor of your form, God-bearer, in the last days, for you were recognized as a wise healer of those suffering from cancer, Paisios, physician of the possessed and support of those exhausted by toil and suffering.

The elated pride of the enemy is rocked by your holy might, all-blessed saint, for you came as one living from your tomb, and you freed the possessed youngster from slavery to the enemy and from his malice.

I have not acquired the gift of tears to bewail the multitude of my sins, and I am deprived of compunction and of soul-saving groaning of heart, O Mother; wherefore, by your intercessions with Christ crush my terrible dissoluteness.


Ode VII

Irmos.  The youths from Judea, having come to Babylon of old, by their faith in the Trinity trampled down the flame of the furnace, chanting, O God of our fathers, blessed are you.

You were subject to the Lord, a strenuous faster and a lover of prayer, a teacher of the young, a most attentive physician of the sick and the suffering in these last days, O Paisios.

Discreetly and justly you completed your life in Athos and other places, God-bearer, and you received the gift of discernment in abundance, guiding the faithful on the paths of salvation.

You illumine with your words the young who had fallen amid the tumults of Belial, showing them the deeds they must do as enjoined upon them by Christ, all-blessed one, and explaining to them the will of the Lord.

Enable us all to see by your intercessions the form of your Son, for we honor you, Maiden, and venerate with affection your holy icon, for you are the divine protection of us all.


Ode VIII

Irmos.  The king of Heaven whom the hosts of angels hymn, hymn and exalt him above all forever.

Your divine tomb in Souroti was, godly-minded one, shown to be a meadow of spiritual gifts and of healings of various diseases.

Wholeheartedly we praise your honorable memory, God-bearer, and beg for your grace, Father Paisios.

The most wicked serpent, Father, creeps stealthily to strike down my miserable soul, but I have confidence in and rely on your power.

You were seen to be the protector of men, most-holy Virgin, as you virginally bore the Word of the Father, Christ the life-giver.


Ode IX

Irmos.  O Mother of God, we who have been saved through you fittingly confess you, and with the incorporeal choirs magnify you, O pure Virgin.

Having seen your grace and the healings, which you, O admirable one, do every day, we hymn together your life, Father Paisios.

Your tomb became a stream of gifts in Souroti, Paisios, giving healing to the ailing in both body and soul.

They honor your divine memory gladly in Konitsa, Athos, Souroti and in all the church, Father Paisios.

I worship your Son, Mother of God, and I celebrate with hymns the beauty of your countenance, ever-blessed Mother.

 


ENDNOTES FOR THE CIRCUMSPECT

This canon is by Metropolitan Joel of Edessa.  This canon is found on several sites on the Internet, including Fr. Christopher Klitou's website here.  Any reader unacquainted with St. Paisius may avail himself of John Sanidopoulos's wonderful Saint Paisius the Athonite Resource Page.  I thank Zoilus for proofing the Greek and I thank my eagle-eyed Aeteia, the Lawfully Wedded, for proofing the English.  Any errors surviving their ministrations are purely my own.  

Ode I.
“Were” (φθης).  A plain vanilla translation of a tricky verb.  It is the suppletory aorist passive of ράω (see).  This form may be used to mean appeared, seemed, were seen, proved to be.  However, we have to remember that Pindar and his imitators avoided the substantive verb (εμί) in preference for more poetic substitutes.  Among the hymnographers, that substitute is often φθην.  In this canon, that word shows up four times.

“Defence” (παλλάδιον).  According to the Oxford Classical Dictionary, “miraculous guardian statues were common in ancient cities, but none was more famous than the Trojan Palladium, a small wooden image of armed Athena.”  The reader may note that παλλάδιον is not capitalized, so it has passed from being a proper noun to a common noun.  Classical lexica know this word as a proper noun—παλλάδιον; modern lexica know it as a common noun.  Of the modern lexica which I consult, only Alexandrou’s admits both the proper (Palladium) and common definitions (shield, protection).

“Guard their thoughts.”  The meanings of λογισμός include calculation and reckoning (cf. logistics) (Montanari), reasoning (Great Scott) and imagining (Lampe).  One thinks of a bad man imagining how he could pull something off and defend himself if caught.

“Thoughts.”  ννοήμα also means concept, notion (Montanari) or even mental concept (Lampe).  Muraoka has “that which results from pondering.”  Schrevelius adduces “reflection.”  One does not describe a bad man as being reflective or a good man as calculating.  The DGE cites Aristotle (τς μπειρίας ννοήματα [pensamientos surgidos de la experiencia]).  It would appear from other texts using this word that these thoughts are about Christ.  We might say “good reflections about Christ.”

“Entreat” (ξαιτουμένων . . . ποικίλα ατήματα).  Lit., “ask (or beg) for various requests.”  The problem is that words of entreaty in English tend be selective about their arguments.  E.g., we do not “ask for requests.”  “Make various requests” carries connotations in English (politely phrased command, e.g.) that don’t belong in a hymn.  Entreat, however, is one of those marsupial verbs, so to speak, for it carries within itself the object of entreaty.

“Above nature” etc.  This troparion is a good example of how hymnographers shove as many distractions into a single sentence as they possibly can. 

Ode III. 
“Little George” is apparently mentioned in Hieromonk Isaac’s Elder Paisios of Mount Athos, trans. Hieromonk Alexis (Trader) and Fr. Peter Heers, ed. Hieromonk Alexis (Trader), Fr. Evdokimos (Goranitis) and Philip Navarro (Chalkidiki, Greece:  Holy Monastery “Saint Arsenios the Cappadocian,” 2012), 212-215.

Ode V.
“Raise . . . constantly” (ψεις σταθηράς) presents some spelling issues.  ψεις appears to be a misspelling for ψοις, which is optative, and is therefore a polite substitute for the imperative.  σταθηράς seems to be a misspelling of σταθερώς (constantly).  This is an unusual spelling error.  Hymnographical misspellings typically involve vowels whose pronunciation are the same.  E.g., ψοις and ψεις are pronounced the same, but σταθηράς and σταθερώς are not (to the best of my knowledge) pronounced the same. 

Ode VI. 
“We often had the splendor of your form” (μφάνειαν, τς μορφς σου σχομεν) may be a convoluted way of saying, “we often visited you,” but I am not sure.  μφάνεια is not a common noun.

“Dissoluteness” (κρασίαν).  Or incontinence, intemperance (Alexandrou).

“Have confidence in and rely on” (θαρσομαι κα λπίζω).  In modern Greek, θαρσομαι means have confidence in or be hopeful of.  Montie reports have courage, be confident, confide.  Similarly, λπίζω does not only mean hope but rely or trust.  I selected the definitions which went together most smoothly.  There is no denying that this line is pleonastic.  Also, it is curious that θαρσομαι is middle/passive voice, but the only indication of a change in meaning—found in Montie—does not seem appropriate (risk?  dare?).

Ode VIII.
“Protector” (σώτειρα).  Really, savior.  Muraoka finds σωτήρ to be applied to God, men, doctors, secular rulers in the LXX.  In our language, of course, savior is uniquely construed.  Montie reports savior, protector, deliverer for σωτήρ.  Pape reports Erhalterinn for σώτειρα, but that is one uncommon German word.

Sunday, February 11, 2024

Canon of St. James of Tsalikis by Metropolitan Joel of Edessa

Ode I.

Irmos.  After crossing the sea as if it were dry ground and escaping the wickedness of Egypt, the Israelite cried out:  Let us sing to our redeemer and God.

Father James, as one who has the grace of your Lord Jesus, you heal the passions of body and soul of those who seek out your support.

Your hand healed really and wondrously the eyes of the sick in Cyprus, having trampled underfoot the arrogance of the adversary, divinely graced Father James.

Father, by your prayers you brought an end to the bleeding of the head of the shepherd Nikaia, having made the divine sign of the life-giving Cross.

As you bore the Savior of mortals, be the pilot and defender of my life, all-pure Maiden and Mother of God, and disperse all my vile passions.

 

Ode III

Irmos.  You covered the vault of the sky with a roof, O Lord, and built the church; confirm me in your love, O summit of desires, support of the faithful and only compassionate Lord.

Your holy monastery, having your coffin as a treasure, Father James, leaps and rejoices, for you furnish grace to those who suffer and healing to those who greet you faithfully, O holy one.

The oil hanging over your divine coffin has truly become the wonder-working healing of all kinds of diseases, holy one, for it has saved many from bodily pains, just as in your monastery it saved the reverend monk.

Having been consumed in the heart with a noble love for your divinely wise Master, you renounced every passionate attachment completely, and you joyfully entered upon the way of the monks, holy James.

The enemy ever tempts me with passionate thoughts of despair, Virgin; but by your intercessions, scatter the clouds of the sorrows of my life, for you have become, all-pure one, the cause of our joy.

 

Ode IV. 

Irmos.  I have heard, O Lord, the mystery of your dispensation; I have meditated on your works and glorified your divinity.

You made the divinely woven tunic of your soul white with your tears, O James, in order to acquire the height of blessings, the merciful Christ.

As your friends, we remember your many virtues—fasting and temperance and prayer—and hymn you, O Saint.  

Now your tomb has become the place of healing of the possessed, procuring relief for all souls, Father James.

Your icon, all-immaculate Virgin, which shows the life-giver Christ, brings peace to those who with faith greet you, ever-virgin Mother of God.

 

Ode V

Irmos.  Enlighten us with your commandments, O Lord, and by your lofty arm grant us your peace, O merciful God.

You endured various diseases of the body, seeking out healing from David, your father, most holy James.

Wholly ascetic, you prayed every day to David, the servant of God, and you seek out, Father, the offerings of tears.

Moaning and crying, you bore David’s head on your breast, revered James, seeking out his healing, glorious Saint.

Direct my mind to things above, O bride of God, so that the swarm of fears which torment my soul and heart may cease.

 

Ode VI

Irmos.  I will pour out my supplication to the Lord and to him will I declare my afflictions, for my soul has been filled with troubles and my life has approached Hades, so like Jonah I pray:  Raise me up from death, O God.

You fed people wondrously, James, having increased the grain by your prayers for the sake of the workers of Livanates; truly, you have performed anew a greater miracle than the five loaves, Father, by the divine grace of Christ.

Having served as a priest in your divine monastery, O blessed one, and having been worthily clad in the vestment of grace, you heal difficult diseases of soul and body, and you drive off the attack of demons.

Satan became your adversary, daily marching out against you—as a misshapen hag, Father, or as a veritably ill-omened dog, but by the power of the Cross you restrain his activity even now.

We boast on account of you, all-pure Virgin, and we hymn your pure birth-giving, for you protected us by your Son from the arms of the demonic destroyer, and you have freely given us mortals free life and forgiveness.

 

Kontakion.  To the champion.
Let us
praise the very best defender of the church, glorified by the fellowship of the giver of life, and the adornment of Euboea; and rightly so, for he shines as a treasury of sympathy, bestowing the glories of healings to those who cry, “Rejoice, Father James.”


Ode VII

Irmos.  The youths from Judea, having come to Babylon of old, by their faith in the Trinity trampled down the flame of the furnace, chanting, O God of our fathers, blessed are you.

You were recognized, O divinely wise Saint, as a speaker of dogmas and as an expounder of the salvific teachings of Christ, the creator of all things, and as the herald of repentance, James, in the monastery of David in the last times.

O divinely wise Saint, you were the speedy physician of the most seriously ill and most variously suffering, the pillar of endurance amid many and terrible diseases and a wondrous ascetic in your life.

You endured the passions of men, reproaches and lies, holy one; you crushed the audacity of the adversary, Father, God-bearing James, wherefore we honor your memory now with hymns.

The tongue cannot worthily describe your all-honorable grace, your august childbearing and the multitude of miracles, all-immaculate Mother of God, for you were the august vessel of the Comforter.

 

Ode VIII

Irmos.  The king of Heaven whom the hosts of angels hymn, hymn and exalt him above all forever.

When you were an abbott, you had a chalice filled full of blessings, O pious Saint, for the poor and unfortunate, for you furnished them with grain.

In an unadorned cell you dwelt, Father, fleeing the luxuriousness of life, by which also you imitated the fathers of old.

You overcome the power of the demons, all-blessed one, furnishing abundant freedom to those possessed who have come to you.

Virgin, give to me, your worthless supplicant, your hand to lead me to the path of salvation, so that I may keep the commandments of your son. 

 

Ode IX

Irmos.  O Mother of God, we who have been saved through you fittingly confess you, and with the incorporeal choirs magnify you, O pure Virgin.

Behold, O blessed one!  Every year, a multitude of fathers and a company of Orthodox laymen, Father, celebrate in song your ever-venerable memory. 

O, Saint!  Do not cease to entreat Christ your Lord on behalf of your flock, for you are its protector, James.

We praise your life sweetly, Father, recounting all your miracles and holy words, venerable James.

Peoples, tribes and tongues bless you, the Mother of God, as you foretold and they piously praise your divine Son.

 


ENDNOTES FOR THE CIRCUMSPECT

Source:  This canon is found on several sites on the Internet, including https://www.pemptousia.gr/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/akolouthia-isidoras-Ioil.pdf, where we read that the service from which the canon comes is described as the (poetical) work (ποίημα) of Isidore, monk of the holy monastery of St. John the Forerunner (in Makrinou, Greece), “with additions from other services made by Joel, metropolitan of Edessa.”  This reminds us that these hymns are not intended to be original works written as “a trial of
. . . poetic powers of imagination and . . . invention” (Keats).  The title of this akathist in Greek reads
is “Salutations of St. Nektarios of Pentapolis, the Wonderworker[:]   twenty-four ikoi to our father among the saints, Nektarios.”  I went with Anglophone convention.  The reader not able to get hold of the biography of the saint may improve himself by referring to John Sanidopoulos's wonderful Saint Iakovos Tsalikes Resource Page.  
I thank Zoilus for proofing the Greek and I thank Aeteia, my lawfully wedded, for proofing the English.  Any errors surviving their ministrations are purely my own.  


Ode I

“God-pleasing” (θεοχαρίτωτε).  So Pape (Gott angenehm).  Stephanos agrees (Deo gratus).  Lampe has “full of divine grace,” which I prefer to reserve for the Mother of God.

In the third troparion, I omitted “holy James.”  Here is the troparion intact:  “Father, by your prayers you brought an end to the bleeding of the head of the shepherd Nikaia, having made the divine sign of the life-giving Cross, holy James.”  English simply struggles with such repetition.  The hymnographers are constantly adding extraneous words (“now” is popular, titles of various sorts are more common) to the troparion in order to make them fit the Greek tones to which they are chanted.  The theotokion directly following contains another example.  The first troparion of Ode III contains still another example, which, however, sounds better in English.


Ode III

“You have become” (φθης).  In an epinician vein, Joel of Edessa avoids the substantive verb.  Most translators are not aware of the influence of epinician poetry on modern hymnographers—indeed, one of the learned become angry when I mentioned this to him—and so would render literally as “you were seen to be.”


Ode VI. 

Livanates is a seaside town in Greece.

“For the sake of” (χάριν ) is my conjecture for χορείαν (dance).  This kind of corruption is frequent in the church hymns, blotting even vesperal texts in our language.  One can never accept garbled Greek at face value.  If we want to be dogmatic about the text, we have to chant such nonsense as “having increased the grain by your prayers the dance of the workers of Livanates.”

καταστέλλεις is in the present tense, which is jarring after the perfect tense verb in the first clause.  I think that the intent of the hymnographer was to indicate that St. James’ power against Satan is still active, so I added “even now.”

Ode VII

“Arms” (γκαλν).  This noun is usually used to refer to arms bent to hold someone, like an infant.  The hymnographer achieves a chilling note by applying this word to the devil, who wishes to hold us for very different reasons. 

Ode VIII

You furnished them with grain” is literally “as a grain-supplier” (σιτοδότης).  Montanari notes that this word was the equivalent of the Latin praefectus annonae, who (according to Smith’s Dictionary) temporarily took charge of ensuring the grain supply during a food crisis in Rome.  To get some idea of the importance of this office, we may recall that it has been estimated that the average Roman male consumed two pounds of bread per day.  In the Great and Holy Monday services, St. Joseph the All-comely is dubbed σιτοδότης (cf. Gen. 41).  My guess is that our hymnographer was much more conversant with the services of Great and Holy Week than with the periodic nominations of the Roman grain-czar.


METROPOLITAN JOEL'S CANON TO ST. PAISIUS THE ATHONITE

Ode I. Irmos.  After crossing the sea as if it were dry ground and escaping the wickedness of Egypt, the Israelite cried out:  Let us sing ...